10.5.1. The design description

Bumpers usually paint under colour of a body and establish on the car according to a car complete set. The bumper maintains collision with the fixed obstacle in speed of 4 km/h without damage. After absorption of energy of collision bumpers redeem the initial position.

Feature of forward and back bumpers in an internal absorber of energy and plastic facing. The forward bumper consists of facing and a skeleton. Remove facing before skeleton removal. The back bumper consists of facing and an arm. Removal of arms of a bumper probably without removal of facing of a bumper.

Fig. 10.53. Elements of forward and back bumpers: 1 — a cover of a towing loop of a forward bumper; 2 — facing of a forward bumper; 3 — a skeleton of a forward bumper; 4 — draught of a forward bumper; 5 — draught of a back bumper; 6 — facing of a back bumper; 7 — an arm of a back bumper; 8 — a cover of a towing loop of a back bumper

Elements of forward and back bumpers are shown on fig. 10.53.