3-2-1-opisanie-konstrukcii.html
3.2.1. The design descriptionThe general information
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Fig. 3.77. An arrangement of basic elements of system of cooling: and — a radiator; b — the radiator fan; with — the water pump; d — a broad tank; е — a heater radiator; g — throttle knot; f — the case of the distributor of ignition; h — the thermostat
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The system of cooling maintains temperature of the engine on an optimum level during all operation time of the engine. At the cold engine the cooling system cools the engine slowly that allows the engine to get warm quickly. The cooling system includes a radiator and ( fig. 3.77) and the radiator fan b, the thermostat and its case h, the water pump with, приводной a belt of the water pump and hoses. The gear belt puts in action the water pump.
For appropriate work of system of cooling functionality of all components should be good. Compulsory circulation of a cooling liquid from a radiator is created by the water pump. Then the liquid circulates through a water shirt in the block of cylinders and a head of the block of cylinders, through the case of the distributor of ignition f and throttle knot g. When the temperature of a cooling liquid raises to temperature of opening of the thermostat, the thermostat opens. Then the liquid flows back in a radiator where it is cooled. The cooling system directs a liquid part through hoses to a heater radiator е for heating of salon and glass defrosting. The broad tank d is connected to a radiator and throttle knot for moving of a cooling liquid to a broad tank at its expansion from rise in temperature.
The broad tank supports necessary level of a cooling liquid. In system of cooling of the car there is no cover of a radiator and the drain crane. Доливка a cooling liquid it is carried out through a broad tank. For plum of a cooling liquid disconnect the bottom hose of a radiator and merge a liquid.
Radiator
The car is equipped by a radiator with tubes from an aluminium alloy.
The broad tank — the tank from transparent plastic — is connected by hoses to a radiator and throttle knot. At car movement the cooling liquid heats up and extends. The part of a cooling liquid at its expansion moves from a radiator to a broad tank. It constantly supports level of a cooling liquid in a radiator and raises efficiency of cooling.
Support level of a cooling liquid at a cold cooling liquid between marks MIN and "MOVE" on a broad tank.
The water pump
The water pump of centrifugal type with a belt drive consists from лопастного wheels, a power shaft and a pulley.
The lopastnoe wheel is tightly established on the bearing.
The water pump is replaced in gathering and consequently does not understand.
The thermostat
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Fig. 3.78. The thermostat: and — the thermostat; b — a metal casing with a wax ball
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The thermostat of ball type supervises a stream of a cooling liquid through cooling system. The thermostat and ( fig. 3.78) is established in the thermostat case. The thermostat blocks a stream of a cooling liquid from the engine in a radiator for maintenance of fast warming up of the engine and regulates temperature of a cooling liquid. The thermostat is closed until the engine cold, preventing liquid circulation through a radiator. At this time the cooling liquid circulates only on a radiator of a heater for fast and uniform warming up. After engine warming up, the thermostat opens. It allows to proceed a cooling liquid through a radiator where heat is distributed on all radiator. This opening and thermostat closing allows to enter to enough of a cooling liquid into a radiator for поддерживания an optimum temperature mode for engine work. The wax ball in the thermostat is tightly soldered in a metal casing b.
The wax element of the thermostat extends at heating and is compressed at cooling. At movement of the car and when the engine heats up, the temperature of a cooling liquid grows and when reaches certain temperature, the wax ball in the thermostat extends and presses on a metal casing, strengthening thereby valve opening. It allows a cooling liquid a leak through all system of cooling and to cool the engine.
As soon as the wax ball is cooled, its reduction allows a spring to close the valve. The thermostat starts to open at 95 With and is closed at 80 With.
The electric fan of a radiator
Preventions
For prevention of traumas protect hands, tools and clothes from the electric fan of a radiator. The fan can join irrespective of, the engine works or not.
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If fan blades are bent or damaged somehow, do not try to level them or to reuse the damaged part. In gathering with the bent or damaged blades it is necessary to replace the fan with the new.
The radiator fan is established behind a radiator in a motor compartment. The electric fan of a radiator strengthens the stream of air passing through a radiator and the condenser of the conditioner (on the cars equipped with them). It accelerates cooling at engine work on frequency of rotation of idling or at car movement on small speeds.
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Fig. 3.79. An arrangement of blades and and an electric motor b the radiator fan
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Diameter of the fan of a radiator of 320 mm. The fan has 7 blades and ( fig. 3.79) for maintenance of an air stream through a radiator and the condenser. The electric motor b is fixed on a casing of a radiator and puts in action the fan.
The conditioner is switched off or the car is not equipped by the conditioner
The radiator fan is put in action from the electronic block of management (ЭБУ) by means of the relay of small speed of rotation of the fan and the relay of a great speed of the fan. On the cars equipped with the conditioner, the relay rjadnogo / the parallel fan of a radiator is used.
ЭБУ includes the radiator fan on small frequency of rotation of the engine at temperature of a cooling liquid 93 With and on high frequency of rotation of the engine at 100 With.
ЭБУ changes high frequency of rotation of the fan for low frequency at 97 With and switches off at 90 With.
The conditioner is included
ЭБУ includes the fan only at high frequency of rotation of the engine, despite a central air operating mode.
The gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid
The gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid and inclusion of the fan of a radiator uses термистор for management of receipt of signals in the form of pressure in ЭБУ.
The gauge of temperature of system of cooling
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